Arm mount with accessible gear unit



A @522.725 Mmh 29 1927. L p

D. c., KLAusME-,Yrle

ARM MOUNT WIfTH ACCESSIBLE GEAR UNIT Filedi June 2T, 192.1 3 SheetfSheei; 1 i *W `March 29, 1927.

` y v 1,622,725 D. C. KLAUSMEYER ARM MOUNT WITH ACCESSIBLE GEAR UNIT Filed June 27. 1921 3 Sheets-5heet 2 Ma ch D. c. KLAusMEYl-:R

ARM MOUNT WITH ACCESSIBLE GEAR UNIT 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 27, 192i Patented Mar. 29, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID C. KLAUSMEYER, OF CINCINNATI', OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE CINCINNATI BICK- FORD TOOL COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ARM MOUNT IVITH. ACCESSIBLE GEAR UNIT.

Application led June 27, 1921. Serial No. 480,653.

This inventiondeals with machine-tools and it is concerned more especially with structures characterized by a column extending from another frame-element, such as a base, and interiorly containing a transmission that emerges at the free end of the column and which at the base is connected with a transmission shaft extending through the column. From another aspect, the invention also contemplates an arm vertically adjustable with respect to the column and suitably mounted thereon, as through the intervention of a sleeve, so as to admit of being swung about the axis of the column; said arm and column being especially formed and arranged to attain and preserve great precision in their relative positions, as well as ease in adjustment.

A so-called radial-drill isa goed specific example of a machine-tool of the foregoing type and this invention will accordingly be disclosed as so embodied. Designers of such organizations have long recognized the need of extreme rigidity, precision of tit, smoothness of movement, compactness of parts, facility of assembly and the like. To attain these desideratun'is without creating shop and foundry diticulties, and at a moderate cost in labor and materials, has been the goal for which the art has long` striven.

In a radial drill, the arm carrying the drill-head is supported at one end only and consequently exercises severe bending and crr-unping strains on the post or column as well as on the pivotal means (usually a large sleeve) employed to allord a swing .ig movmnenr.

This in vontion seeks to moet this ditliculty; (A) by proposing an inexpensive internal system of reinforcements 'tor the post fully compatible with limitations of foundry practice while providing a light yet rigid structure; (B) by providing a sleeve interiorly corrugated for the same purpose and having highly accurate upper and lower bearings on the exterior of the column for maintaining it truly concentric with the post without resorting to the expense of highly l'iiiishing the column throughout its entire length; (C) by utilizing a suspension bearing 'for the sleeve in connection with a stop enabling the entire drill to be hoisted by the arm without liability of displacing lthe arm; (D) by interposing a travelling adjustable thrust-bearing between that portion of the arm and the post in the region where the bending moment creates the maximum pressure; and by locating the clamp for the sleeve where it will not interfere with vertical travel of the arm and where it will not interfere with the maintenance of the essential -accuracy of the co-axial relation between the sleeve and the column.

Other objects and advantages will be in part indicated in the following description and in part rendered apparent therefrom in connection with the annexed drawings,

To enable others skilled in the art so fully to apprehend the underlying features hereof that they may embody the same in the various ways contemplated by this invention, drawings depicting a preferred typical construction have been annexed as a part of this disclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which 1%- Fig. l is a plan of the bed and the detachable transmission unit assembled thereon; the post being omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section (through line 2 2 of Fig. l) sho-wing how the unit is supported. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section (through line 3 3 of Fig. l) showing how the unit is supported. Fig. 4 is a Vperspective of the isolated transmission unit. Fig. 5 is a perspective looking upwardly into the lower end of the post to show the reinforcements thereof and the cavity for accommodating the transmission unit.

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section similar to that shown by Fig. 2 but including the con'il'ilete post, sleeve and arm. Fig. 7 a horizontal section through line 7-7 of Fig. (i and Fig. 8 is a similar section through. line 8 8 of Fig. 6.

rThe drawings represent a` frame-element here shown as a base or bed A from which projects another frame-element indicated by l; said traine-.element B being hollow and containing a transmission shaft which derives motion from a transverse shaft extending in parallelism with the base element. The element B is here shown in the form of a post which, by means of suitable bolts l, is secured to the base; certain positioning pins 3 being preferably employed for the 4purpose of securing absolute alignment between parts. In machine-tools conforming to the above arrano'ement, no little difliculty has been experienced in connecting (usually n ma through suitab-le bevel gears) the two transmission shafts for the reason that their juneture occupies an inaccessible location. ,I t is very trouble-some to get at the bevel gears for the reason that it is first necessary to unbolt and remove the frame element B, which is usually too heavy and ponderous to be easily handled. rThe bevel gears are, of course, likely to require inspection and repair from time to time. and the diiiiculty of getting` at them usually results in their heeon'iini' unduly deteriorated; to the detriment of the entire machine tool.

in order to. overcome this difficulty, this invention propo. es the use of a transmission unit (as exemplified by F). so mounted and arranged that it may readily be bodily removed and re-inserted without requiring a preliminary separation of the post from the thereby not only maintaining the orig? inal accuracy of the assembly but also maleY ine' an inspection or repair of this vital part a comparatively easy and simple operation, While, in the light of this disclosure, this proposition may be attained through more or less modified details, the construction herein illustrated will adequately set forth the characteristics of this invention. -in this illustrative embodiment, tivo bevel eears et and are suitably journaled (as by means of bushings 6 and 7) at right angles in a minor frame 8. The transmission shaft (i (which conveys power to the arm and drill-point) is splined, as indicated by 9, to the gear 5 and, likewise, the shaft E (driven from the motor) is splined, as indicated by 10, to thel `gear it. These shafts are consequently capable of being' slipped into place when the transmission unit F has been located in its proper position. This unit F is of such a nature that it may be slipped into place through a port or opening either in the post or the base or, preferably, partly in each. Thus, the foot of the post is enlarged box-like and provides an opening' 11 in the nature of a portal; said openinol registering;b with a recess 12 in the base; thereby affording a sufficient clearance for the bodily removal and insertion of the transmission unit. For the purpose of insuring' positiveness in the. seating of the minor frame 8, the side walls 13 of the recess provide shoulders or slide ways 14 and 15 adapted to carry rails 16 and 17 preferably integral with the minor frame 8. Suitable guides 18 and 19 are provided by the base :i so as to hold the rails 16 and 1T against upward movement. This construction will insure. coincidence of the lonp dinal axis of the minor frame 8 with the vertical axis of the shaft G'. n order, likewise, to insure coincidence. of the vertical axis of the bevel gear 5 with the axis of the transmission shaft G, the bed is provided with a suitable stop or shoulder 20 against which a part 21 of the minor frame S will abut when the unit F is being assembled in place; thereby definitely locating the unit. To render accessible the bolts employed for securing the unit in pla-ce, the minor frame 8 is extended (as by means of the strips 22 and 23) and lthese parts terminate in lugs or wings 241- and 25 having bolt-holes adapted to receive the bolts 26 and 27, as well as the pins 28 and 29, which are exteriorly located, as shown, adjacent the portal through which the transn'iissiou unit F is inserted and removed. The gear is pie ferably positioned below the axis of the .shaft- E, as shown, (being held within. a dependinghub 30. of Athe minor frame 8) so that, by means of a plate 3l, a well Vwill be formed for containing lubricant and also so that it may serve the purpose of preventina- .the shaft G from being dropped too far when the parts are being assembled. The other gear 4l is arranged with its axis substantially horizontal; beine` mounted in a pillow block 32 having a pillow cap 33 heid in place by bolts 341.

-The post B is preferably interiorly ribbed. to secure maximum rigidity and certain of these ribs, at their lowermost portions, are cut away sufficiently to avoid interference with the insertion and removal of the transmission unit; the foot of the post beingl ot' box-like form. rlhe shaft G, in this instance, extends upwardly coaxially with the post and, at its upper end, is connected vith the transmission-train.

In lthe case of a drilling machine embodying this invention, an arm D carries a drillhead; such arm being so mounted that it may be raised and lowered with respect to the post and also admit of being swung` in a horizontal plane. This may be achieved by a species of pivot which, in this example is in the form of a sleeve C rotatably journaled on the post. The arm is vertically adjustable on the sleeve and is raised and lowered by a lifting` screw J actuated by power derived from the shaft G.

By reason of the fact that this arm D extends transversely to the axis of the post and is supported at one end only by the post, and carries the drill head and point on its over-hanging portion, considerable bending,1 strains are exerted on the post and sleeve and much difficulty has been experienced in curing and maintaining` a high degree of precision in respect to the ceo-axial relation between the sleeve and the post. By means of the structural characteristics herein disclosed, this diiticulty has in larger part been overcome, and the smooth adjustment of the sleeve about the post, even when carrying heavy loads, is ensured.

The post itself has a bi-tubular construction and consists. of an outer shell 35 and an inner tube 36; the latter occupying substan- Cil tially the rear lower half portion of the post where the bending strains are the greatest. The outer shell is substantially uniform in external diameter (allowing for certain bearing portions) from its top to the plane of the section line 8-8, where it enlarges to form a base-like drum or annulus 87 affording additional strength and also providing an enlarged periphery 38 adapted to serve as drum or friction surface around which the lower portion of the sleeve may be tightly clamped to lock these two parts against relative movement. The lower part of the drum 38, is, in turn, enlarged box-like to form a` base or pedestal 39 providing an interior chamber adapted tocontain certain unique reinforcements and also to receive the upper portion of the insertable gear unit described in the foregoing.

rIhis box-like pedestal has an annular outside wall 40 which is of circular contour; except on the arm side of the post, where it run-s straight across secant-like to permit the work on the bed to be arranged closer to the post and to afford a great working area on the bed. Passing vertically through this outer wall 40 is a series of spaced bolt-holes 42, whereby the post may be bolted, by means of bolts l, rigidly to the bed.

In this embodiment, the inner tube 36 has its lowermost end 43 terminating a suflicient distance above the floor to accommodate the insertable transmission unit F. A series of similar radial vanes 44, 45 and 46 integrally connect the inner tube 36 with the outer shell 35; the lower edge portions of these vanes being curved `downwardly and outwardly from the lower end of the inner tube to the lower end-edge of the inner periphery of th-e wall 40, as indicated by 47. A somewhat similar vane 48 likewise connects the inner tube to the outer' shell, but its lower end-edge terminates -Hush, as indicated by 49, with the lower end of the tube so as not to interfere with the insertion of the transmission unit F. `These vanes preferabr continue upwardly beyond the top ot the inner tube, as indicated by 48, 46, and 45a; thereby forming' inner ribs integral with the inner periphery of the outer shell 35 and suiiiciently reinforcing its upper half portion to enable it to resist effectively such strains as will ordinarily occur at that point. lhere the strains are greatest, i. e., at the pedestal and drum, additional ribs 5,0, 5i, 52 and 53 symmetrically radiate integrally from the inner face of the pedestal and drum; the innermost edges of said vanes being preferably spaced somewhat away from the inner tube, as indicated by 54. These supplementary vanes occupy substantially the region of the enlargement below the plane of the section line 8 8 (where the sleeve exercises its lower fulcrum point on the column) and co-operate with the other featuresof construction to produce an extremely rigid base for the post, and yet without employing an excessive amount of metal, and without introducing great difliculties in respect to foundry practice. 'Ihe outer wall 40 is preferably alsov provided with short side walls 55 reinforcing the opening or portal 1l through which the transmission unit is inserted, as has been eX- plained.

It will be noted that certain of these ribs (44, 45, 46-and 55) are so shaped and arranged that their lowermost portions serve as struts extending from the roof 39 of the pedestal into contact with the floor (provided by the base) and that, in the region underlying such roof, these vanes rest flush on the floor; they being provided with radial flats all arranged in the same plane for that purpose. i The object of this particular formation (which may be utilized either as to each or many of the vanes) is effectively to resist the tendency of the roof 39 to buckle under the severe bending strains to which the column is necessarily subject. In the region underlying the central inner tube, the vanes are distanced from the plane of the ioor so as to provide for a central chamber within which the transmission gears may be located. In the form shown by the drawings, the ribs 50, 5l, 52 land 53 (which do not extend to the inner tube) are flush with with the licor in the region only of the annular wall 40; inasmuch as the other vanes will adequately answer the requirements of struts and the last-mentioned vanes will serve adequately to brace the roof and the side-wall together without having such an extensive bearing surface on the iioor; thereby eliminating any unnecessary machining of the flats. Such ribs, however, preferably extend, f as kindicated by Fig. 6, along a curve quite closely to the floor, so as to obtain the benelit of a full width or height in the vane and aiiord a great resistance to any bending thereto.

` It will be seen that this arrangement affords a complete system of reinforcements very effectively responding successively to the stress-gradations and producing a column perfectly adapted at all points to answer' the local requirement; this being attained without the use of excess Ametal.

Thus, at its upper portion, the outer shell is merely interiorly ribbed. y These ribs enlarge as the middle of the post is approached and then the inner edges of these ribs are in turn s'tifliened and braced by merging into the inner tube. Still lower, where the post swells. this formation is continued and is .supple-y mental by additional ribs interiorly stiftening the enlarged periphery of the shell. Finally, these ribs extend to brace the roof of the box-like pedestal and provide struts directly and vertically connecting the roof l Si with the base; thereby providing reinforcements in t'ull proportion to the degree ot the strains.

Circumscribino the post is a sleeve C which, as indicated by Fig; 7, is interiorly provided with a plurality ot shallow ribs in the nature ot corrugations.. These reintorcements preferably are substantially cocxtensi've in length with the sleeve except as to such portions thereof as constitute the bearings N and M. The weight of the sleeve is suspended `lrom its upper end which has a thrust bearing on the top ot the post. A bloei; ot high-grade metal in the nature oi: a hub is interlittec with the upper end ot the post and is secired in place by means ot bolts 5S and lock screws 59 accurately in cosaxial relation with the post. llear its upper end, this hub provides a horizontal seat. (30 on which rests a thrust bearing Gl which, in turn, carries the pressure ot a bearing ring 62 which is secured to cap Gil that, by means ot bolts 64, is tirmlyatlixed to the upper end of the sleeve C so as to support the weight thereof. ln this manner, the weight oil the sleeve (and its various parts) is supported from the upper end ot the post. lt occasionally happens that, in the course ot the transportation ot a drill, it is hoisted by means ot ropes around the arm and sleeve. In previous constructions, this has resulted in trouble because there was nothing to prevent the sleeve from slipping upwardly oit of the post. To avoid this untoward condition, an auxiliary normally-idle thrust. bearing l is employed and is so arranged that the tube cannot slip upward-ly except perhaps for a very slight distance. 'lhis thrust-bearing may, very conveniently, be combined with the annular hearing which maintains the upper extremity otl the sleeve accurately in @fo-axial relation with the post. The hub 57 has an annular surface 65 formed concentrieally with its axis, very accurately, and this Surface supports an annular ballbearing G6 which closely 'Fits in an aperture (37 in a dish-like member G8 which, by means ol.I screws 69 and a shoulder 70 is accurately secured to the upper end ot the sleeve. A collar K, in the nature ot a. normally-idle thrust-bearing is screwed to the upper end ot the hub 57 and is adapted to contact (during a hoisting operation) with the seat 7l of the member 68 in case an attempt is made to litt the drill by the sleeve; these portions being;l made sufficiently strong and massive to carry sately the entire weight ot' the drilling-machine.

ln order eli'iectively to oliset the tendency ot the upperend o' the sleeve to be bent or deliected under the w l t. ot the arm, this invention contemplates an accurately litted bearing at M, whereby the inner periphery ot' the sleeve may turn around the outer periphery ot the post with a close margin ot clearance therewith. rllhis bearing` is preterably made by providing` the post with a slightly enlarged annular seat 72 and providing the sleeve with a con'ii'ilementary annular seat 7 3; these seats not necessarily be ing ot very great width. The parts, while ot very considerable diameter, are titted very accurately allowing a clearance ot say about .002 Otan inch.

A. similar bearing N is arranged at the lower portion ot the sleeve (in the region ol the lower tulcrum of the sleeve on the post) say slightly above the plane of the section 8*8, so that the sleeve, accordingly,

has a very accurate bearingl on the post at two widely spaced points corrcspomling subn stantially to its ulcrums. By reason et the rigid formation ol' the post and oi" the sleeve respectively, it is entirely practical to employ these two widely spaced bearings instead o'f giving the sleeve a uniform bearingl throughout the length ofthe post and this construction has the advantage that the parts may be given a much closer tit than otherwise and the excess strains are talren up by these bearings and not imposed on the ball bearings at the top ot the post and it also avoids the necessity et machining the intermediate portions since a clearance space 711; is permissible.

The thruston the bearing N quite considerable and the friction created thereby materially diminishes the ease with which the user can rotate the sleeve about the post in giving the arm various pressures of angular adjustment. For the purpose of taking up some ol this pressure and to Jfacilitate the adjustment of the sleeve, this invention proposes a cooperatingtravelling` thrust bearing ot the anti-'friction type which is adjustable with in close limits so that it can be set to take as much or as little of the strain as will conform to the condition in hand. This thrust* bearing may have a simple -formation and may comprise a hardened and ground annular track 75 accurately seated in shoulders 7b on the post in the vicinity or the main bearing N. A pair ot rollers 77 and 78 are mounted on the side ot the sleeve underlying the arm and these rollers ride on the track 75. Preferably, two rollers are employed and are spaced apart and are located at each side ot' the center line ol the arm, as shown by Fig. 8, so as to somewhat balance the tendency of the sleeve to shitt to one side or the other oi its true concentric posi tion. To provide 'for the insluiting ot these rollers and to reinforce the sleeve at this point against local distortion, the sleeve will preferably be provided with a flange or ledge 79 eecentrically disposed with relation to the normal section ot the sleeve. This ledge is provided with two recesses 8O and S1 in which the rollers 77 and 78 are located and pivot pins 82 and 83 are journaled in the said ledges; these pivot pins having slightly eccentric portions 84 carrying suitable anti-friction bearings 85 which may be regarded as a part of the rollers 77 and 7S. It is preferable to use the ring 75 in tight fitting relation with the outer ball-race of an ordinary ball-bearing in order to avoid any distortion under the rather heavy pressures used. By slightly turning the pivot pins by means of an implement applied to a squared socket in their upper ends, the rollers may be urged against the track 7 5 to ease the pressure more or less on the bearing N. A set-screw 86 serves to hold the pivot pin 82 in its adjusted post, as will be understood.

lVhile, of course, the user of this machine may adjust the bearing 77 to receive as much or as little of the strain as is desired, itis highly preferable so to make the adjustment that the normal or non-working load (created by the weights of the parts only of the machine) will be carried entirely, or substantially so, by the bearings 75, 61, and 6G; leaving the bearings M and N dutyless, or substantially so, during the period of adjusting the ldrill to the work. Such adjustments may consequently be made with great ease, notwithstanding the weight and massiveness of the elements of the machine.

lVlien, now, the actual drilling operation is proceeded with, the strains will be reversed in direction and greatly increased due to the starting pressures of the drill, and they may also be greatly increased in the other direction due to the pull of the drill when it is emerging through the work. These excess plus and minus strains are severe and frequently beyond the reasonable capacity of ordinary roller bearings. Furthermore, these strains tend to deflect or distort the sleeve, but any such distortion is im.- mediately and effectively resisted by the bearings M and N by reason of their close clearances and locations. By reason of the intimate co-operation of the travelling thrust-bearing 77, it is feasible to machine the bearings M and N to Within .005 inch or less without creating a cramp interfering with the free adjustment of the parts during a non-drilling period; whereas, a clearance of atleast about .O20 would have to be provided between the sleeve and the column with any of the constructions heretofore proposed and especially in the absence of the thrust bearing 77 or its equivalent. It will be seen that, irrespective of the degree of rigidity of either the column or the sleeve, such prior structures permitted distortion to a materially greater extent, and such deflection was accentuated by the materially less rigidity of both the post and the sleeve; the result being that `the ultimate accuracy at the drill point was necessarily materially less than is the case with the present arrange ment. Furthermore, in the prior machines, when the reverse working pressures. were insufficient to distort the sleeve sufficiently to take up the .020 inch clearance, aforesaid, the rigidity of the post Was not adequately utilized and the drill had to work against the resiliency of the intermediate portions of the comparatively thin and non-reinforced old type of sleeve. In that ease, the drill was not supported as rigidly as was desirable, and this defect has completely been overcome by the present invention.v

Y The lower end of the sleeve is enlarged to circumscribe the drum 87 of the post and such portion is split as indicated by S7 and carries a lug 88 in which an eccentric bolt 89 is journaled; said bolt being connected with a draw bolt passingthrough the lugs 90 and 91 for the purpose of constricting the split `end of the sleeve and clamping it tightly about the brake .surface 38 so as to hug the sleeve` against rotation.

The transmission shaft Gr passes upwardly through the inner tube 36 and, at its upper end, is accurately positioned by means of a ball bearing 92 and a roller-bearing V93. The upper end of this shaft is, in turn, connected with certain gearing (not shown) whereby the elevating screw for the arm D may be rotated to effect a raising and lowering of said arm or whereby the motion of the shaft G may be transmitted to the drill point, as will be understood.

It will thus be seen that thisrinvention is well adapted to achieve the objects enumerated in the foregoing in a simple, inexpensive and essentially practical manner; thereby materially promoting the accuracy, ease of manipulation and serviceability of a drilling machine. j

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can.I by applying current knowlsoY lOO

edge, readily adapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of the essential characteristics of either generic or specific aspects of this invention, and, therefore, such adaptations vshould be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalency of the following y claims.

Having thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters 1Eatent of the United States. i

l. A 'radial ldrill combining a base; an arm extending horizontally therewith'. an

`upright post carried by said base and arranged to support oneend of said arm, said post boing formed of nested tubular portions inegrally connected by radial vanes, certain of said vanes having their lowerniost ends fiat and radiating inwardly flush with the lovvermost end of the outer tubular portion;

l lO

said drill is being hoisted, said sleeve being journaled to the outer surface of ,said post; and means independent of said thrust bearings for clamping said sleeve to said post during a drilling operation,

12. A radial-drill combining a base; a hollow post supported thereby; a thrust-bearing at. the top of said post; a sleeve rotatably secured to said post and .supported solely by said thrust-bearing; a second tl'irust-bearing between said post and sleeve for restraining a material displacement of said sleeve when said drill is being` hoisted; an arm slidably mounted upon said sleeve and extending laterally to one side thereof; a roller-bearing between said sleeve and post located at the arm side of the center of said sleeve and acting in a horizontal plane to resist the lateral thrust caused by the weight of said arm; and means independent of said thrustbearings for clamping said sleeveto said post during a. drilling operation.

13. A radial-drill combining a base; an arm extending horizontally therewith; an upright post carried by said base and arranged to support one end of said arm; said post being formed of nested tubular portions7 the inner tubular portion having its low'cr end terminating materially above the lower end of the outer tubular portion, said portions being integrally connected by radial vanes, certain of said vanes having their lowermost ends flat and radiating inwardly flush with the lowermost end of the outer tubular portion; and means for veffecting a relative adjustment between said arm and said base.

14. A radial drill combining a base; albitubular post upstanding therefrom and form-ed of concentrically spaced tubular-portions integrally connected by intervening vanes7 the inner tubular-portion occupying the lower half only of the outer tubular-portion, and said van-es extending upwardly as ribs for the upper1 inner surface of the outer tubular portion; an arm supported at one end by said post; and means for vertically moving said arm.

15. A radial drill combining a base having an elongated well; a tubular post upstanding therefrom constituted of a plurality of co-axial tubular portions `spaced peripherally apart; the outer portion extending continuously from top to bottom and having its lower end enlarged to form a box-like supporting-foot, the inner wall-surface of said hollow foot being integrally connected by a plurality of continuous intervening vanes with the lower end of the inner tubular portion to form a reinforced spider-like base against bendinv' strains certain of saidv vanes having their lowermost ends flat and radiating inwardly flush with the lowelmost end of the tubular portion, said post-base having an entrance to the well in the-main base; said entrance being formed between an adjacent two of said certain vanes; a gear-unit adapted to be inserted therethrough; an arm extending radially to the axis of said post; and meansext-ending from said unit through the axis of said postfor effecting a relative vertical' adjust-ment between said base and said arm.

16. A radial drill combininga base; a bitubular post consisting of an outer and inner tubular shell, said shells being continuous and arranged co-axially, and being integrally connected by 'a plurality of vanes, some of said vanes being converged directly to the lowermost inner edge of the outer shell and other of said vanes extending downwardly to provide radial flats'coincident with the plane of the lowermost end of the Vouter shell; a detachable gear-unit located in the lower extremity 'of' the outer l shell; a shaft in said inner shell detachably connected with said unit; an arm vextending radially to the common axis of :said shells; and means connected with said shaftfor elevating said arm.

17. A radial drill combining a base having a horizontally disposed well; an arm; an upright post carried by said base and arranged to support one end of said arm, said post being formed of nested tubular portions integrally connected by radial vanes, 'the lower portion of said post providing a portal between two of said vanesand in register with said well for the insertion of a gearunit; a tubular sleeve rotatably vcarried by said post, said sleeve'having its intermediate portion clear of said post and adjacent its upper end-portion having a bearing against the outer periphery of said post; an arm extending horizontally therewith; and

vmeans deriving motionfrom said gear-unit for elevating and lowering said' arm.

18. A radial drill. combining a' base; a bitubular post consisting of an outer and an inner 'tubular shell,"said shells being continuous and arranged co-axially; and beingY integrally connected by a plurality of vanes;

.an elongated sleeve enveloping said post and journaled directly thereon adjacent its upper and lower' ends to' rotate about the axis thereof; an arm extending radially to 'the common axis'of said shells; means located between the lower bearing and the lower end of the sleevev for relieving the lateral thrust on said Vbearingcaused by the weight of said arm,said means comprising an adjustable roller-bearing carried bysaid sleeve wholly at the side thereof 'to which the arm extends, and an annular track carried by said post against which the roller-bearing acts; and means for elevating said arm.

19. A radial-drill combining a base and a bi-tubular post consisting of outer and inner tubular shells upstanding from said base, said outer shell having, at its lower end, an

l nu

enlarged drum-like portion; radial vanos connecting' said shells; and a series et ribs radiatinginwardly trom the inner periphery oit said drinn tor strengthening; the drum, said ribs being independent of the inner tubular shell and said vanes.

20. A radial drill combining; a base and a post consisting of an outer shell and a shorter inner tube and providing a first series ot longitudinal vanes extending above and below said tube and joined thermo, and a sec-A ond series et vanes in the lower portion ot said shell and radiating' inwardly there'tron'i7 the inner vertical edges et said vaines being clear et said tube.

2l. A radial drill combining` a base provided with a recess (12) g a tubular pest cured thereto and extending),` upwardly therefrom, said post being' provided with an enlarged lower portion adjacent said base, within which is tor ned a portal (il) in rep;- istry .with said recess and forming` therewith a continuous opening; a series ot radiallyprojecting strengthening' ribs termed integrally with said post; a plurality ot nonradial strengrthening ribs(55) termed in the enlarged lower portion ot the post and located adjacent said portal to strengthen said post about said portal; shaft journaled lengthwise ot said base; a second shaft journaled lengthwise oit said post; a detachable gear-unit insertable lthrough said opening `for operatively connecting said sha-tts; and means located externally ot said column 'for removably securing said. gear-unit in operative position.

22. A radial drill combining a post; a sleeve supported upon the upper end of said post; and a plurality complemental internal and external cylindrical bearing' surfaces termed on said sleeve and post; respectively, adjacent their opposite ends, said bearing cooperating` to maintain said post and sleeve truly coaxial and perinittinfgtree rotation et' the sleeve on the post.

23. In a machine tool ot the class described; in combination, a post provided with an enlarged base; a thrust bearingscarried by the upper end ot the post; a sleeve surrounding;- the post and supported upon the thrustJ bearing, said sleeve having; its lower end adjacent the enlarged portion ot said post; means to clamp 'the lower end ,ot the sleeve to the enlarged portion ot said post; and a plurality of eomplemental internal and external cylindrical bearings provided by said sleeve and post respectively7 intermediate the thrust bearing and the lower end et 'the sleeve and independent ot the sleeve supporting and clamping means, to maintain the sleeve coaxial with the post.

24. A radial drill combining a horizontally disposed base formed with a recess; an upright column secured to said base; a driven shaft journaled lengthwise within said column; a drivingl shaft arranged transverse to the driven shaft; uniting gears rotatable with said two shaits to transmit power from the driving shat't to the driven shaft; a minor trame removably secured to said base and located mainly within the recess therein; and bearings carried by said minor tir-ame rotatably to support said gears independent of the drivingand driven shafts.

25. A radial drill combining a horizontally disposed base termed with a recess; an upright column secured to said base and provided with a portal ext-ending upwardly trom its lower edge and located above said recess; a driving,` shaft arranged transverse to the driven shaft; a minor trame renierably secured to said base and located mainly within the recess therein; a bearing,` carried by said minor traine at its upper sid-e; a bevel gear rotatably journaled within said bearing and lined to turn with said driving shaft; a second bearing)r .provided by said minor frame at its lower side; and a bevel gear rotatably iournaled in said second bearini and ha), tu; a non-rotatable connection with said driven shaft, said two bevel gears cooperating to transmit power troni the driving; shaft to the driven shaft, said portal and recess being so constructed and arranffed as to permit insertion ol" said minor 'trame and its attached gears into the recess in the base beneath said column.

In a machine or the class described in combination, a base vtermed with a recess providing vertically disposed walls; a column secured to said base partly above said recess; a gear-unit removably secured to said base and held against lateral displacement by the walls of said recess; mating gears rotatably journaled in said gear-unit; and .driving and driven shatts each having; a splined connection with one oit said gears and each adapted to be inserted within its gear after said gear-unit and gears have been secured in their operative position.

2'?. A radial drill combining a base provided with a rec-ess; a column secured to said base partly abovl said recess; a removable pjear-unit Lwithin said rece tired retainingsurtaces provid-ed by said base to prevent vertical movement ot said ngear-unit; lined retaining` surfaces provided by said base to prevent horizontal movement of said gear-unit in all except one direction; and means accessible 'from without said column to secure said gear-unit againstmovement in said one direction.

Q8. A radial drill combining a base provided with a recess affording vertically and horizontally disposed guiding and retaining surfaces; column secured to said base partly above said recess; members secured to said base beneath said column and overlying said surfaces; a minor tra-me insertible into said recess between said surfaces and beneath said members; a shaft journaled in said column; intermeshing gears rotatably journaled in said minor frame; means to locate said minor frame in said recess -with the axis of one of said gears in alignment with the axis of said shaft whereby the shaft may be moved lengthwise into engagement with said gear; and means to secure said minor 1iframe to saidl base.

29. In a radial drill, in combination, a base provided with a recess; a column secured to said base and partly overlying said recess; a gear unit removably secured to said base and located within said recess; transverse bearings carried by said gear unit; mating bevel gears journaled within said bearings; a substantially horizontal driving shaft operatively connected with one of said gears; a driven shaft liournaled within said column and having a splined connection with the other of said gears, each of said shafts being adapted to be inserted into its complelnental gear after the gear-unit and gears have been secured in their operative positions; and a plate secured beneath one of said bearings to close said bearing thereby to provide an oil-well to lubricate the bearing of that gear, said plate also serving as a stop to limit the downward movement of the driven shaft when the parts are being assembled.

30. A machine-tool combiningr a post; a

sleeve rotatably journaled upon said post; a substantially heavy member projecting radially `from said sleeve and normally exerting a lateral pressure on one side of said post; and an anti-friction bearing intermediate the sleeve and post, beneath said member at the side of said sleeve only where it exerts its lateral pressure on said post, said antifriction bearing serving to prevent binding between the post and sleeve due to said lateral pressure, thereby maintaining said sleeve freely rotatable on the post.

31. A radial drill combining a post; a sleeve rotatably journaled on said post; an arm projecting from said sleeve and normally exerting a lateral pressure on one side of said post; an anti-friction bearing interposed between said sleeve and post beneath said arm and at the point where the sleeve exerts the lateral pressure on said post, saidv anti-friction bearing serving to prevent binding between the sleeve and post thereby maintaining the sleeve freely rotatable on Y the post; and clamping means located at the side of said sleeve opposite to said bearing, where the lateral pressureof the sleeve produces slack, to cause said sleeve to grip said post to prevent relative rotation between the two.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name.

DAVID C. KLAUSMEYER. 

